Before You Leave
Check that your phone is unlocked before leaving. Most iPhones purchased outright or after 12 months of payments are unlocked. Confirm in Settings → General → About → Carrier Lock (iPhone).
Set up your eSIM before you leave — activation requires a data connection. If you wait until arrival, you'll need airport WiFi to complete it.
Download offline maps before you leave — Google Maps and Apple Maps let you save entire regions. This eliminates data use for navigation and works when you have no signal.
Enable WiFi Calling on your phone (Settings → Phone → WiFi Calling on iPhone). When connected to hotel or airport WiFi, you can make and receive calls on your regular number at no charge.
On the Ground
Enable Airplane Mode immediately after takeoff, then re-enable WiFi only. This prevents accidental roaming charges during the flight and while you set up your eSIM or local SIM on arrival.
On iPhone, go to Settings → Cellular → set your data plan explicitly so the eSIM or local SIM handles data and your home SIM handles calls only. This prevents accidental roaming on your primary number.
WhatsApp, iMessage, Signal, and FaceTime Audio all work over WiFi with no data plan. Use these for messaging and voice calls when you have a WiFi connection.